Polypropylene Glycol

The Basics On Polypropylene Glycol

What is Polypropylene Glycol?

Also known by the acronym PPG, polypropylene glycol is used to absorb extra water and maintain moisture.

What are other names for Polypropylene Glycol?

1,2-DIHYDROXYPROPANE, 1,2-PROPANEDIOL, 2-HYDROXYPROPANOL, METHYLETHYL GLYCOL, PROPANE-1,2-DIOL, and PROPYLENE GLYCOL

What is Polypropylene Glycol used for?

Propylene glycol is a humectant, which means that it is an ingredient that is added to cosmetics to increase moisture retention in skin and hair. Propylene glycol is well tolerated by the skin and shouldn’t cause redness or irritation.

How Polypropylene Glycol is classified

Uncategorized

Recommendations for using Polypropylene Glycol during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Limited data suggests no known risk

 

Polypropylene Glycol During Pregnancy

What we know about using Polypropylene Glycol while pregnant or breastfeeding

Limited information available.

In studies reported in the 1994 assessment1 and currently, PG did not have any adverse reproductive or developmental effects when evaluated in mice at doses of ≤5.0% PG, rats at doses of ≤1600 mg/kg PG, rabbits at doses of ≤1230 mg/kg PG, or hamsters at doses of ≤1550 mg/kg PG. Propylene Glycol The reproductive and developmental effects of PG were evaluated using mice, rats, rabbits, and hamsters.32 Groups of 25 or 28 female albino CD-1 outbred mice were mated and 22, 22, 22, 20, and 23 gravid mice were dosed by oral intubation with 0.0, 16.0, 74.3, 345.0, and 1600.0 mg/kg aq. PG on days 6-15 of gestation. Groups of 25-28 female albino Wistar rats were mated and 22, 23, 22, 20, and 24 were dosed as above, respectively. Positive control groups of 23 mice and 21 rats were given 150.0 or 250.0 mg/kg aspirin, respectively. Body weights were recorded at various intervals and general observations were made daily. Caesarian sections were performed on days 17 and 20 for all mice and rats, respectively. All fetuses were examined macroscopically for visceral or skeletal defects. Administration of PG did not affect maternal or fetal survival in mice or rats, and there were no statistically significant differences in fetal anomalies between test and negative control groups in mice or rats. Groups of 11, 11, 12, 14, and 13 gravid female Dutch-belted rabbits were dosed by oral intubation with 0, 12.3, 57.1, 267.0, or 1230.0 mg/kg aq. PG on days 6-18 of gestation. A positive control group of 10 gravid rabbits was given 2.5 mg/kg 6-aminonicotinamide. Body weights were recorded at various intervals and general observations were made daily. Caesarian sections were performed on day 29. All fetuses were examined macroscopically and kept for 24 h to evaluate survival. The pups were then examined viscerally and for skeletal defects. Administration of PG did not affect maternal or fetal survival, and there were no statistically significant differences in fetal anomalies between test and negative control group. Groups of 24-27 female golden hamsters were mated and 21, 24, 25, 22, and 22 gravid hamsters were dosed by oral intubation with 0.0, 15.5, 72.0, 334.5, and 1550.0 mg/kg aq. PG on days 6-10 of gestation. Positive controls were given 250.0 mg/kg aspirin. Body weights were recorded at various intervals and general observations were made daily. Caesarian sections were performed on day 14. All fetuses were examined macroscopically and for visceral or skeletal defects. Administration of PG did not affect maternal or fetal survival, and there were no statistically significant differences in fetal anomalies between test and negative control groups. PG was used as a vehicle in a reproductive and behavioral development study. 33 It was administered to 15 gravid Sprague-Dawley rats orally by gavage on days 7-18 of gestation at a volume of 2 ml/kg. PG did not have any effects on reproductive or behavioral development parameters. Embryotoxicity In the 1994 safety assessment, embryonic development was reduced or inhibited completely in cultures of mouse zygotes exposed to 3.0 or 6.0 M PG, respectively.1 A current study examining induction of cytogenetic aberrations found an increase in the frequency of premature centrosphere separation (PCS) with 1300-5200 mg/kg PG. In zygotes from PG-dosed mice, hyperploidy was increased. Propylene Glycol Female ICR mice were used to determine whether PG induced cytogenetic aberrations in mouse metaphase II (MII) oocytes that predispose zygotes to aneuploidy. 27 Groups of mice were first given an i.p. injection of 7.5 IU eCG to augment follicular maturation followed 48 h later with 5 IU hCG to induce ovulation. After 3 h, mice were dosed i.p. with 1300, 2600, or 5200 mg/kg PG in distilled water. A control group was given distilled water only. For the MII portion of the study, CIR Panel Book Page 37 8 ovulated oocytes were collected from 20 test animals/group and 30 control animals and processed for cytogenetic analysis 16 h after administration of PG. The number of oocytes collected from test animals was non-statistically significantly increased compared to controls. A statistically significant change in hyperploidy, hypoploidy, or single chromatids was not observed. An increase in the frequency of PCS at each dose was statistically significant, and the incidence of premature anaphase was statistically significantly greater in the 5200 mg/kg dose group as compared to controls. Neither metaphase I nor diploid oocytes were found. For the zygote portion of the study, the female mice were paired with males after being given hCG; the males were removed 16 h after dosing with PG. Mated females were given colchine 22 h after dosing with PG; zygotes were collected 18 h later. There were 30, 40, 49, and 66 mice in the control, 1300, 2600, and 5200 mg/kg groups, respectively. The increase in hyperploidy was statistically significant in all test groups compared to controls. A statistically significant change was not seen for polyploidy or hypoploidy, and zygotes containing PCS, premature anaphase, or single chromatids were not found. The authors noted that there was not a statistically significant difference in the proportion of zygotes collected for each group compared to oocytes. However, the number of zygotes analyzed compared to the number placed on slides was significantly decreased in the test groups; a relatively large portion of these zygotes had clumped chromosomes.

General safety info about Polypropylene Glycol from CIR

Propylene Glycol is an aliphatic alcohol widely used in cosmetics that functions as a skin conditioning agent, viscosity decreasing agent, solvent, and fragrance ingredient. Polypropylene glycols, including PPG-3, PPG-7, PPG-9, PPG12, PPG-13, PPG-15, PPG-16, PPG-17, PPG-20, PPG-26, PPG-30, PPG-33, PPG-34, PPG-51, PPG-52, and PPG-69, have far fewer uses than propylene glycol and function primarily as skin conditioning agents, with some solvent use. Tripropylene glycol functions as a humectant, antioxidant, and emulsion stabilizer. The majority of the safety and toxicity information is limited to propylene glycol. The Expert Panel determined that the available information would be used to support the safety of all the polypropylene glycols as well as tripropylene glycol. Propylene glycol is generally non-toxic and is non-carcinogenic. A wide range of genotoxicity studies were negative. Clinical studies demonstrated an absence of dermal sensitization at use concentrations, although concerns about irritation remained. The Expert Panel concluded that propylene glycol, the polypropylene glycols, and tripropylene glycol are safe as used in cosmetic formulations when formulated to be nonirritating.

Use this, not that!

Products where you might find Polypropylene Glycol

REN Clean Skincare Glycol Lactic Radiance Renewal Mask; Sol de Janeiro Brazilian Bum Bum Cream; Sol de Janeiro Mini Brazilian Bum Bum Cream